Among Cavendish’s Civil War soldiers (173), the fatalities were more often caused by disease than the battle itself. Ten died in battle, but 18 more died as follows: 4 in prison, 9 while in service from disease like typhoid and 5 from wounds received in battle. One soldier was lost at sea on his way home from Andersonville Prison.
The single biggest killer in the Civil War was not the battlefield but rather disease. In the Union Army 4 men died from sickness for every 1 man killed in battle, and deaths from disease were twice those resulting from all other causes. On the whole, the heaviest incidence of disease occurred early in the war. Because there were no cures or vaccines for the most common ailments (dysentery, typhoid, pneumonia, tuberculosis, malaria, measles), you either got well or died.
Vermonters were frequently sicker than their counterparts from other states. In fact, the incident of disease was so high among the Vermont “mustering” camps, that in January 1862, US Surgeon General Charles Tripler issued a special report on the health of Vermont soldiers. In December 1861, Dr. Edward Phelps reported that a quarter of Vermont soldiers were sick. The January report found an overall sickness rate of 18.42%, despite the fact that the rates for the Second and Third regiments had improved considerably since December.
Dr. Tripler concluded that a "nostalgic element" affected the Vermonters more severely than others, causing depression among the troops and, he implied, feeding into a vicious cycle of poor health. However, there is one major reason why Vermonters were more likely to become ill in the camps. Unique to Vermont was that the majority of volunteers came from rural areas and so had limited exposure to childhood diseases. Consequently, they were highly susceptible to measles, mumps and other diseases.
The unsanitary conditions at the camps and prisons were a perfect breeding ground for dysentery, which caused an estimated 45,000 Union and 50,000 Confederate soldiers to died from this disease alone. This was most likely due to the latrine being located next to the water supply.
Reading through the list of Cavendish soldiers, you will see that some were imprisoned in Andersonville. Camp Sumter Military Prison, was one of the largest Confederate military prisons during the Civil War. During the 14 months the prison existed, more than 45,000 Union soldiers were confined there, with almost 13,000 dying from disease, poor sanitation, malnutrition, overcrowding and exposure to the elements.
The relationship of diet to ill health was somewhat understood. In "The Military Handbook and Soldier’s Manual,” the recommendation was to “Eat sparingly of salt and smoked meats and make it up by more vegetables as squash, potatoes, peas and rice..." The manual also advised staying away from fatty foods and eating at a regular time each day. Unfortunately, most soldier’s diets consisted heavily of fatty, salted meat, few vegetables and irregular meal preparation and times.
For More Information
Civil War Medicine by Janet King, RN, BSN, CCRN
Civil War Diseases from Civil War Academy
Andersonville
Cavendish Historical Society Museum
Friday, March 2, 2012
Thursday, February 2, 2012
Civil War History: Was Cavendish Part of the Underground Railroad?
If you ask many in Cavendish about whether the Underground Railroad (UGRR) went through Cavendish, you will hear stories of various houses on Tarbell Hill Rd., and Twenty Mile Stream, as well as the Golden Stage Inn, that had special hiding places for fugitive slaves. However, there is no documented proof of UGRR activities in this part of Vermont and in fact, according to “The Vermont Underground Railroad Survey Report,” by Ray zirblis, because Vermont was the first state to outlaw slavery, 50% of the documented escaped slaves spent a great deal of time in VT. They could safely live openly and many were brought here to work on farms.
So what about those rooms, secret tunnels and odd spaces in chimneys? Interestingly, Vermont has a very long history of smuggling, as early as 1812. Whether it was sneaking food to Canada or “rum running,” Vermonters had a variety of reasons for secret rooms. In Cavendish, there is documented proof that Glimmerstone was used in rum running during prohibition. Other spaces, such as the hidden chambers within hearths, had a specific purpose-smoking meats. A tunnel from a stream to a cellar, was very possible for operating a still, since VT had prohibition long before the rest of the country.
Cavendish has a very strong history of being anti slavery. While maybe not part of the UGRR, Cavendish and Vermont were definitely part of the “above ground” railroad. Many prominent Cavendish citizens, including Governor Ryland Fletcher, were staunch abolitionists. In fact the support was so strong for the abolitionist movement that the leading abolitionist of the day, John Brown, stayed in Proctorsville as he tried to raise money for his efforts in Kansas. Henry Bridge Atherton, a lawyer from Cavendish wrote to John Redparth, a biographer of John Brown of that visit, which appears on-line at http://cavendishhistoricalsocietynews.blogspot.com/2011/05/cavendish-civil-war-letter-regarding.html
There were former slaves that lived in Cavendish. According to Linda Welch, CHS genealogist and author of “Families of Cavendish,” who has the letters and correspondence of both Captains French and Atherton, these men brought slaves back to Cavendish as a result of the Civil War. A probate guardianship paper dated at Cavendish, 19 July, 1864, signed by Gilbert A. Davis, Register gives George B. French guardianship of “Arthur Lewis, a colored boy, apparently about fifteen years of age now residing in said Cavendish.” Lewis was rescued by George French in Virginia during the early years of the Civil War, and stayed with him at different headquarter stations as George’s Regiment fought the war. Lewis lived with the French family for many years, where he was taught to read and write. Excelling in the raising of thoroughbreds, he was a valued member of the family, paid for his work with wages, board and room. He married in Woodstock and had at least two children. Lewis did not join the French family when they moved to Nebraska, instead he remained in Woodstock.
Additional reading
The Underground Railroad in Vermont: Separating Legend from Reality
The Underground Railroad in Vermont: Tall Tale or True Adventure by Tom Calarco
So what about those rooms, secret tunnels and odd spaces in chimneys? Interestingly, Vermont has a very long history of smuggling, as early as 1812. Whether it was sneaking food to Canada or “rum running,” Vermonters had a variety of reasons for secret rooms. In Cavendish, there is documented proof that Glimmerstone was used in rum running during prohibition. Other spaces, such as the hidden chambers within hearths, had a specific purpose-smoking meats. A tunnel from a stream to a cellar, was very possible for operating a still, since VT had prohibition long before the rest of the country.
Cavendish has a very strong history of being anti slavery. While maybe not part of the UGRR, Cavendish and Vermont were definitely part of the “above ground” railroad. Many prominent Cavendish citizens, including Governor Ryland Fletcher, were staunch abolitionists. In fact the support was so strong for the abolitionist movement that the leading abolitionist of the day, John Brown, stayed in Proctorsville as he tried to raise money for his efforts in Kansas. Henry Bridge Atherton, a lawyer from Cavendish wrote to John Redparth, a biographer of John Brown of that visit, which appears on-line at http://cavendishhistoricalsocietynews.blogspot.com/2011/05/cavendish-civil-war-letter-regarding.html
There were former slaves that lived in Cavendish. According to Linda Welch, CHS genealogist and author of “Families of Cavendish,” who has the letters and correspondence of both Captains French and Atherton, these men brought slaves back to Cavendish as a result of the Civil War. A probate guardianship paper dated at Cavendish, 19 July, 1864, signed by Gilbert A. Davis, Register gives George B. French guardianship of “Arthur Lewis, a colored boy, apparently about fifteen years of age now residing in said Cavendish.” Lewis was rescued by George French in Virginia during the early years of the Civil War, and stayed with him at different headquarter stations as George’s Regiment fought the war. Lewis lived with the French family for many years, where he was taught to read and write. Excelling in the raising of thoroughbreds, he was a valued member of the family, paid for his work with wages, board and room. He married in Woodstock and had at least two children. Lewis did not join the French family when they moved to Nebraska, instead he remained in Woodstock.
Additional reading
The Underground Railroad in Vermont: Separating Legend from Reality
The Underground Railroad in Vermont: Tall Tale or True Adventure by Tom Calarco
Thursday, January 19, 2012
Scribbler Winter 2012
Happy New Year!
Annual Meeting
As we begin this New Year, the Cavendish Historical Society starts a new tradition of holding its annual meeting in January or February. Given the flood damage and the 250th Anniversary, the board voted to move the annual meeting until after the first of the year. The more it was discussed, the board concluded that it would be a good idea to make this a permanent change. Not only is fall, foliage season, a very busy time of year, but by switching to the first of the year, the financial report will be easier to compile as CHS operates on a calendar year.
The Annual meeting will be held on February 12 (Sunday) at 5 pm at the Cavendish Town Elementary School in Proctorsville. The meeting will include a pot luck supper, election of board members, discussion of upcoming activities and a screening of “Life in Windsor County.”
Life in Windsor County
Life in Windsor County” is the seventh county documentary produced through collaboration between Johnson State College students, Professor Bill Doyle and Vince Franke of Peregrine Productions, LLC. For this documentary, JSC student intern Matt Daubenspeck worked with Vince to interview 17 local residents, including CHS board member Bruce McEnaney, to hear their memories of Vermont’s biggest county covering events from its earliest settlers through the sheep craze, machine tool industry and stories of life in the first half of the 20th century. When blended with over 250 historical images, their stories provide new and unique insight into Windsor County’s past.
Upcoming Events
As 2011 was the 250th anniversary of Cavendish, we did not focus on the other important anniversary of that year-the 150th anniversary of the beginning of the Civil War. We will have a variety of postings on the CHS blog (see address above) about various aspects of Cavendish’s Civil War history.
For many years, CHS held a plant sale and other activities on the Saturday before the 4th of July on the grounds of the Museum. In the last five years CHS expanded this to a town wide event, calling it Old Home Day and holding various activities in different parts of the Cavendish village (Stone Church, Cavendish Green and Museum). This year CHS plans to return to its original format back on the Museum grounds. More information will be available in the spring and summer editions of this newsletter as well as the CHS blog.
February 12 (Sunday): Annual Meeting, 5 pm Cavendish Town Elementary School, Proctorsivlle VT. See article above for more information.
April 14 (Saturday): Phineas Gage presentation for the Okemo Valley Historic Chamber to Chamber Tourism Exchange.
June 2 (Saturday): Reception for the opening of the Cavendish Floods Exhibit.
June 3 (Saturday): CHS Museum opens for the season, 2-4 pm.
June 30 (Saturday): CHS Summer Fest, featuring annual plant sale, live and silent auction and local vendors. This event will be held on the grounds of the Museum.
July 15 (Sunday): “Lotions, Potions and Notion-18th through mid 19th Century Folk Cures.” 2-4 pm at the Museum.
July 28: 2nd Annual Town Wide Tag Sale.
Cavendish Historic Timeline 1955-1960
Other portions of the Timeline are in the 2011 issues of the Scribbler II, all of which are on-line at the CHS blog.
1955: Cavendish Historical Society established. Atherton Bemis is the first president.
- Cavendish Town Office built in its current location on High Street in Cavendish.
1956-1957: Physician serving the Cavendish/Proctorsville area dies. Two fatal car accidents occurred and Cavendish found they could not rely on Ludlow for medical coverage. Community leaders meet with the University of Vermont Medical School about the situation. They were advised to equip a medical office and then solicit for a physician. Kenwood Mills, who purchased Gay Brothers Mills and its holdings in 1951, donates the stone building to help form the new Black River Health Center. Members of the community donated their time to renovate the building. Workers at Kenwood Mills had $1 a week withheld from their pay to help establish the Health Center. Dr. Eugene Bont and Dr. Lawrence Bixby set up practice.
1957: Kenwood Mills, formerly Gay Brothers Woolen Mill, once the leading employer for the town is sold and closed by the new owners.
- Passenger and freight train service no longer available in Cavendish.
- Art Briggs is elected Fire Chief for Fire District #2 (Cavendish). With his experience fighting fires in WWII, he creates a well organized group and legally incorporates the Fire Department. An active Auxiliary is formed. Prior to Briggs arrival, Cavendish stored fire fighting equipment at various locations in town and depended heavily on Fire District #1 and the Gay Brothers Mill for putting out fires.
- Hawks Mountain Fire, which started on the Cavendish side and spread to Perkinsville. The National Guard had to be called for help. The fire started on May 7 and wasn’t fully extinguished until May 11.
1960: The new Proctorsville Elementary School building opens. Duttonsville School is still open, but will close in 1971. As the Cavendish village students enter the school in Proctorsville, the school becomes known as the Cavendish Town Elementary School.
• Cavendish Population 1,223, the lowest since 1910.
• New Route 103 extension added, no longer requiring traffic to go down Proctorsville’s Depot Street to a stop light, where drivers turned left for Ludlow or right for Cavendish. Depot Street becomes a town highway and no longer a state highway.
Cavendish Historical Society Board
Dan Churchill
Jen Harper
Gloria Leven
Marc Miele
Bruce McEnaney
Joseph Pasquerello
Mike Pember
Gail Woods
BECOME A MEMBER, RENEW YOUR MEMBERSHIP, DONATE
If you have not joined the Cavendish Historical Society, need to renew your membership, and/or would like to be a volunteer, please complete the form below and sending a check, payable to CHS, to CHS, PO Box 472, Cavendish, VT 05142. All contributions are tax deductible.
Name: _______________________________________
Address: _______________________________________________
Phone Number: _____________________ E-Mail: ____________________________
Membership Level
__ Individual Member $10 ___ Senior Member 65+ $ ___ Sustaining Member $500
__ Household Member $15 ___ Contributing Member $250
Volunteer
___ I would be interested in serving, as a volunteer .I would be interested in serving on the following committee(s):
__ Program Planning __ Fundraising __ Building (Museum)
__Archives _ Budget --–– Cemetery __ Hands on History
Donations are always welcome and can be designated as follows:
__ For general purposes __ Educational Programs __Publications
__ Archeological Activities __ Museum & Archival __ Special Events
__ Rankin Fund __ Williams Fund __ Hands on History
__ Other (please specify) __ Cemetery Restoration
President’s Report 2011
When we started planning for activities in 2011, we knew that we’d be very busy. After all, it was the 250th Anniversary of our town plus it was the 150th anniversary of the beginning of the Civil War. However, we had no idea what was in store for our town, and how important of a role the Cavendish Historical Society (CHS) would play.
On Aug. 28, Cavendish became an “island town,”-access to us was very difficult-thanks to Tropical Storm Irene. In the true spirit of Cavendish’s first settlers, the people of Cavendish organized themselves. Everyone helped neighbors, provided shelter, rebuilt and kept people informed.
Unique among historical societies, CHS has recognized the importance of keeping track of current activities, and therefore, is one of the sponsors of the Cavendish Update. This is an electronic news format, which is available by email or online [www.cavendishvt.blogspot.com]. As part of the 250th activities, a Facebook page was established to help people remain current about what activities were taking place and when.
Little did we know that this electronic outlet was one of the few ways we had to communicate. This was used by the community not only to keep people informed about what was open, but people posted who needed help, road conditions, and what services they had to offer.
Many CHS members were involved in running the shelter and in the recovery process. However, one of the most frequent requests we received, particularly from the National Guard, who were repairing our roads, was for information about the 1927 flood. In case we needed a reminder of why we think the work of a historical society is important, one only needed to see the Guard poring over the articles written by Olin Gay about the events of 1927.
In true pioneer fashion, CHS played an important role in seeing that our 250th anniversary was honored in October. No, we didn’t have all the events we planned, and our parade was reduced in size and scope. However, we hope that our actions will provide courage to future generations, much as knowing the details of how people in 1927 coped has encouraged us.
Because of the flood recovery, as well as the 250th anniversary, the CHS board felt it was too much to try to hold the CHS annual meeting in October. As we discussed it, we thought that making a permanent shift to January/February provided us with an opportunity to provide a better annual report, since CHS operates fiscally on a calendar year.
Finances are tight, and CHS continues to work at cost containment. We wouldn’t be able to do this without the incredible support of our volunteers. This is a great time to renew your membership, make a contribution or donate your services.
In keeping with requests, we are planning a Cavendish Flood exhibit for 2012, as well as recognizing the impact the Civil War had on our town.
Cavendish Historical Society: Financial Report 2011
Income, Endowments & Checking Account 1/1/11-12/31/12
Donations 3,066
Events 2,038
Town 1,800
CD Rollover 2,996
Williams CD 20,891
Rankin CD 4,483
Checking 4,695
Interest 373
Total 30,069
In-kind contributions were provided by Doug Haskell in the repairing & reglazing of the Museum’s windows.
Expenditures 1/1/11-12/31/11
Contracuals 7,200
Printing & Reproduction 161
Event Expenses 169
Postage and Shipping 418
Utilities 338
Museum Restoration 250
Other 201
Total 8,737
Income for 2011 once again reflects the impacts of economy. The 2011 annual year end campaign has raised less money, not only becomes of the economic situation but also because flood relief was their charity of choice this year. However, through the support of incredible volunteers, we are maintaining our buildings, offering a wide variety of programs, and playing a critical role in preserving our town’s history, while holding down costs. In fact, as can be seen in the table below our expenditures in 2011 were 59% ($8,737) of the first nine months of 2009 ($14,614) and less than $1,000 over the first nine months of 2010.
Annual Meeting
As we begin this New Year, the Cavendish Historical Society starts a new tradition of holding its annual meeting in January or February. Given the flood damage and the 250th Anniversary, the board voted to move the annual meeting until after the first of the year. The more it was discussed, the board concluded that it would be a good idea to make this a permanent change. Not only is fall, foliage season, a very busy time of year, but by switching to the first of the year, the financial report will be easier to compile as CHS operates on a calendar year.
The Annual meeting will be held on February 12 (Sunday) at 5 pm at the Cavendish Town Elementary School in Proctorsville. The meeting will include a pot luck supper, election of board members, discussion of upcoming activities and a screening of “Life in Windsor County.”
Life in Windsor County
Life in Windsor County” is the seventh county documentary produced through collaboration between Johnson State College students, Professor Bill Doyle and Vince Franke of Peregrine Productions, LLC. For this documentary, JSC student intern Matt Daubenspeck worked with Vince to interview 17 local residents, including CHS board member Bruce McEnaney, to hear their memories of Vermont’s biggest county covering events from its earliest settlers through the sheep craze, machine tool industry and stories of life in the first half of the 20th century. When blended with over 250 historical images, their stories provide new and unique insight into Windsor County’s past.
Upcoming Events
As 2011 was the 250th anniversary of Cavendish, we did not focus on the other important anniversary of that year-the 150th anniversary of the beginning of the Civil War. We will have a variety of postings on the CHS blog (see address above) about various aspects of Cavendish’s Civil War history.
For many years, CHS held a plant sale and other activities on the Saturday before the 4th of July on the grounds of the Museum. In the last five years CHS expanded this to a town wide event, calling it Old Home Day and holding various activities in different parts of the Cavendish village (Stone Church, Cavendish Green and Museum). This year CHS plans to return to its original format back on the Museum grounds. More information will be available in the spring and summer editions of this newsletter as well as the CHS blog.
February 12 (Sunday): Annual Meeting, 5 pm Cavendish Town Elementary School, Proctorsivlle VT. See article above for more information.
April 14 (Saturday): Phineas Gage presentation for the Okemo Valley Historic Chamber to Chamber Tourism Exchange.
June 2 (Saturday): Reception for the opening of the Cavendish Floods Exhibit.
June 3 (Saturday): CHS Museum opens for the season, 2-4 pm.
June 30 (Saturday): CHS Summer Fest, featuring annual plant sale, live and silent auction and local vendors. This event will be held on the grounds of the Museum.
July 15 (Sunday): “Lotions, Potions and Notion-18th through mid 19th Century Folk Cures.” 2-4 pm at the Museum.
July 28: 2nd Annual Town Wide Tag Sale.
Cavendish Historic Timeline 1955-1960
Other portions of the Timeline are in the 2011 issues of the Scribbler II, all of which are on-line at the CHS blog.
1955: Cavendish Historical Society established. Atherton Bemis is the first president.
- Cavendish Town Office built in its current location on High Street in Cavendish.
1956-1957: Physician serving the Cavendish/Proctorsville area dies. Two fatal car accidents occurred and Cavendish found they could not rely on Ludlow for medical coverage. Community leaders meet with the University of Vermont Medical School about the situation. They were advised to equip a medical office and then solicit for a physician. Kenwood Mills, who purchased Gay Brothers Mills and its holdings in 1951, donates the stone building to help form the new Black River Health Center. Members of the community donated their time to renovate the building. Workers at Kenwood Mills had $1 a week withheld from their pay to help establish the Health Center. Dr. Eugene Bont and Dr. Lawrence Bixby set up practice.
1957: Kenwood Mills, formerly Gay Brothers Woolen Mill, once the leading employer for the town is sold and closed by the new owners.
- Passenger and freight train service no longer available in Cavendish.
- Art Briggs is elected Fire Chief for Fire District #2 (Cavendish). With his experience fighting fires in WWII, he creates a well organized group and legally incorporates the Fire Department. An active Auxiliary is formed. Prior to Briggs arrival, Cavendish stored fire fighting equipment at various locations in town and depended heavily on Fire District #1 and the Gay Brothers Mill for putting out fires.
- Hawks Mountain Fire, which started on the Cavendish side and spread to Perkinsville. The National Guard had to be called for help. The fire started on May 7 and wasn’t fully extinguished until May 11.
1960: The new Proctorsville Elementary School building opens. Duttonsville School is still open, but will close in 1971. As the Cavendish village students enter the school in Proctorsville, the school becomes known as the Cavendish Town Elementary School.
• Cavendish Population 1,223, the lowest since 1910.
• New Route 103 extension added, no longer requiring traffic to go down Proctorsville’s Depot Street to a stop light, where drivers turned left for Ludlow or right for Cavendish. Depot Street becomes a town highway and no longer a state highway.
Cavendish Historical Society Board
Dan Churchill
Jen Harper
Gloria Leven
Marc Miele
Bruce McEnaney
Joseph Pasquerello
Mike Pember
Gail Woods
BECOME A MEMBER, RENEW YOUR MEMBERSHIP, DONATE
If you have not joined the Cavendish Historical Society, need to renew your membership, and/or would like to be a volunteer, please complete the form below and sending a check, payable to CHS, to CHS, PO Box 472, Cavendish, VT 05142. All contributions are tax deductible.
Name: _______________________________________
Address: _______________________________________________
Phone Number: _____________________ E-Mail: ____________________________
Membership Level
__ Individual Member $10 ___ Senior Member 65+ $ ___ Sustaining Member $500
__ Household Member $15 ___ Contributing Member $250
Volunteer
___ I would be interested in serving, as a volunteer .I would be interested in serving on the following committee(s):
__ Program Planning __ Fundraising __ Building (Museum)
__Archives _ Budget --–– Cemetery __ Hands on History
Donations are always welcome and can be designated as follows:
__ For general purposes __ Educational Programs __Publications
__ Archeological Activities __ Museum & Archival __ Special Events
__ Rankin Fund __ Williams Fund __ Hands on History
__ Other (please specify) __ Cemetery Restoration
President’s Report 2011
When we started planning for activities in 2011, we knew that we’d be very busy. After all, it was the 250th Anniversary of our town plus it was the 150th anniversary of the beginning of the Civil War. However, we had no idea what was in store for our town, and how important of a role the Cavendish Historical Society (CHS) would play.
On Aug. 28, Cavendish became an “island town,”-access to us was very difficult-thanks to Tropical Storm Irene. In the true spirit of Cavendish’s first settlers, the people of Cavendish organized themselves. Everyone helped neighbors, provided shelter, rebuilt and kept people informed.
Unique among historical societies, CHS has recognized the importance of keeping track of current activities, and therefore, is one of the sponsors of the Cavendish Update. This is an electronic news format, which is available by email or online [www.cavendishvt.blogspot.com]. As part of the 250th activities, a Facebook page was established to help people remain current about what activities were taking place and when.
Little did we know that this electronic outlet was one of the few ways we had to communicate. This was used by the community not only to keep people informed about what was open, but people posted who needed help, road conditions, and what services they had to offer.
Many CHS members were involved in running the shelter and in the recovery process. However, one of the most frequent requests we received, particularly from the National Guard, who were repairing our roads, was for information about the 1927 flood. In case we needed a reminder of why we think the work of a historical society is important, one only needed to see the Guard poring over the articles written by Olin Gay about the events of 1927.
In true pioneer fashion, CHS played an important role in seeing that our 250th anniversary was honored in October. No, we didn’t have all the events we planned, and our parade was reduced in size and scope. However, we hope that our actions will provide courage to future generations, much as knowing the details of how people in 1927 coped has encouraged us.
Because of the flood recovery, as well as the 250th anniversary, the CHS board felt it was too much to try to hold the CHS annual meeting in October. As we discussed it, we thought that making a permanent shift to January/February provided us with an opportunity to provide a better annual report, since CHS operates fiscally on a calendar year.
Finances are tight, and CHS continues to work at cost containment. We wouldn’t be able to do this without the incredible support of our volunteers. This is a great time to renew your membership, make a contribution or donate your services.
In keeping with requests, we are planning a Cavendish Flood exhibit for 2012, as well as recognizing the impact the Civil War had on our town.
Cavendish Historical Society: Financial Report 2011
Income, Endowments & Checking Account 1/1/11-12/31/12
Donations 3,066
Events 2,038
Town 1,800
CD Rollover 2,996
Williams CD 20,891
Rankin CD 4,483
Checking 4,695
Interest 373
Total 30,069
In-kind contributions were provided by Doug Haskell in the repairing & reglazing of the Museum’s windows.
Expenditures 1/1/11-12/31/11
Contracuals 7,200
Printing & Reproduction 161
Event Expenses 169
Postage and Shipping 418
Utilities 338
Museum Restoration 250
Other 201
Total 8,737
Income for 2011 once again reflects the impacts of economy. The 2011 annual year end campaign has raised less money, not only becomes of the economic situation but also because flood relief was their charity of choice this year. However, through the support of incredible volunteers, we are maintaining our buildings, offering a wide variety of programs, and playing a critical role in preserving our town’s history, while holding down costs. In fact, as can be seen in the table below our expenditures in 2011 were 59% ($8,737) of the first nine months of 2009 ($14,614) and less than $1,000 over the first nine months of 2010.
Wednesday, January 18, 2012
Tree at the Museum Comes Down
After numerous discussions by the Historical Society Board, it was agreed that the tree next to the Museum had to come down. Large limbs were falling off after every storm and because the center of the tree had rotted away, it was just a matter of time before a limb fell on utility wires or onto the roof of the Museum. Instead of biting our nails during storms worrying whether "this would be the one" that damaged the Museum or surrounding property, the board voted to have it removed. The tree is being removed today. We will miss it.
Saturday, January 14, 2012
Cavendish Historical Society Annual Meeting Feb. 12
The Annual Meeting for the Cavendish Historical Society has been changed from October to February. This year’s meeting will take place on Feb. 12 (Sunday), 5 pm at the Cavendish Town Elementary School. This will include a potluck supper plus a screening of “Life in Windsor County,” featuring CHS’s board member Bruce McEnaney. The video includes the 250 year history of the region, along with photographs and stories. FMI: 226-7807 or margoc@tds.net
Friday, December 30, 2011
Benjamin F. Giddings Personal Military and Civil History
The Cavendish Historical Society has recently received, from the Brattleboro Historical Society, materials relating to Benjamin F. Giddings. Benjamin Franklin Giddings was born in Cavendish, VT July 5, 1843, the son of Hiram and Rebecca (French) Giddings. He enlisted in the Civil War the first time at age 15. After the War, Giddings settled in California.
These materials were donated by: Don Butkovich, Antique Dealer, Traverse City, Michigan in Honor of his friend Gilbert H. Whelden, Jr., the nephew of B.F. Giddings, who purchased these papers directly from the Living Estate of Mr. Whelden in Michigan.
Among the items included a bound book entitled "Personal Military and Civil History." Below are the notes from Benjamin F. Giddings about his actions during the Civil War. On each page, Giddings wrote additional notes in the margins. They are in different ink, so it is possible that information was added at a latter date. These additional notes are indented.
1) “I first enlisted Oct. 26, 1861 at age 15 in Co. “H.” 2nd Berdan US Sharpshooters: this Regt. Was composed of companies from different states. The first Regt was commanded by Col Hiram Berdon of NY. The 2nd Regt by Col. HAV Post of NY. A civil engineer by profession. And a member of the 7th NH state militia a brave and splendid officer. The Co. was formed and mustered at Brattleboro, VT. And left the state for Wash. Jan 1, 1962 and joined the Regt then encamped on Meridian Hill near Washington. Ours was the last Co to join the Regt, which had 8 companies of 100 men each. Bilbert Hart of Dorset VT was Capt. We remained in this “Camp of Instruction” thru the winter, being drilled in Ballallium & skirmish drill, armed first with Colts muskets, where were soon discarded and replaced with Sharps Target Rifles. The latter part of March 1862 the Regt started on.
Col Berdan from whom Sharpshooters was named, was the inventor of a rifle which he hoped to get adopted for use in our army, but failed. He served as Col of 1st Regt till after Gettysburg when he resigned went to Russia got his rifle adopted by Russian Gov. and was made Super of their construction became a Russian Citizen and died a very rich man.
2) its first march crossing the Potomac into VA and joined a Brigade composed of the 22-24 & 30 NY Infantry. The Brooklyn 14th zouave. The Harris Light Cavalry, and Gibbons Battery of Artl, the Brig. Commanded by Brig Genl CC Augar of the Reg army, and becoming a part of Kings Div. McDowell’s Corps. Which became an independent command and army on the departure of the army of the Potomac on its Peninsula campagne under Genl McClellan. About the middle of April our Brig led the march from Catletts Sta to Falmouth VA 40 miles in 24 hours and giving our Brig the name of the “1st Iron Brigade.” The Sharpshooters led the advance and when approaching Falmouth in the early morning formed a skirmish line with Harris L. Cavs in advance. We had little brush with enemy they retreating across Rappahannock river to Fredericksburg.
The Harris Cavalry was under command of its Lt. Col Judson Kilpatric afterwards Maj Genl and commander of Calvery Corps Army of Potomac.
Capt Gibbon comd’r of the field battery.-was after words a Maj Genl and in command of a corps.
On our first march we got lost and we spent our first night of field camp in open ?? and a cold rain lasting thru the night.
3) burning the bridges. One Brig of our corps occupied Fredericksburg. While our Brig camped on the pleasant Falmouth hills which 8 months later shook with the thunder of Burnsides guns in the great battle & defeat at Fredericksburg in Dec. 62. In May we crossed the river and started on the march to join McClellan and cooperate with him in the operations against Richmond. But after marching eight miles we were ordered back. Marched rapidly to Catletts then to Manassus Junc put on RR cars and sent up to Front Royal in Blue Ridge Mts to intersept Stonewall Jackson in his advance on Wash. Who, when he had accomplished his object in drawing us away from joining McClellan marched his force back and joined Leee opposing the army of Potomac. Our corps then marched back to our old camp at Falmouth. A cousin of mine of same age who enlisted with me and was Corpl is same Co was taken ill with typhoid fever and left behind at Haymarket VA and I never saw him again as died of the fever. (Henry E. Giddings Reading VT)
While camped near Fredericksburg our boys often visited the little city where were several flour mills. And as we had plenty of coffee and the inhabitants none, we found no difficulty in effecting an ex 1 lb of coffee for 10 lbs or more of flour. Then came pancakes for us to take place of hard tack. It used to be said that some of the boys used to dry their coffee grounds and trade them for flour. I know not about this.
4) I became disabled by rupture [an accident due to severe straining, lifting or muscular exertion] on this hard march and in June 62 was discharged for disability. And went home to VT. The Regt remained in service to the end of war seeing much hard service and many hard battles was in the #rd Corps (Genl Seckles) at Gettysburg, and lost during its term of service 126 men and 9 com. Officers killed in action. I remained home working on farm and teaching school in winter until March 7, 1864 when I enlisted again in 17th VT inftry. (Co.G) the last Regt raised in VT the Regt formed and mustered in Burlington Vt and left the state Apr 18-64 as a Battallion of 7 companies under Lt Col Chas Cummings of Brattleboro, and was rushed to the front and joined the 9th Corps Genl Burnside at Calletts Sta. Just before it jointed the Army of the Potomac on the Rapidan. The Brig then was composed of 31 & 32 Me. 6-7 & 11 NH 17th Vt and shortly after 56th Mass.
On this march into Blue Ridge Mts. Train on Mansaasa Gap RR. Carrying our Regt. Was run into by another train following and many soldiers filling and covering the old box cars were killed many more maimed. I was in front of train near engine and escaped. Thos. Bruised and thrown out of car.
5) all N.E. troops and commanded by Coil S G. Griffith of the 6 NH a skillful and intrepid officer. The Div. Was comd by Maj Gen Robt B Potter a son of Bishop Potter of Penn & a splendid officer. On the morning May 4 we started on a forced march to join the Army of Genls Grant & Meade then just breaking camp at Culpepper CH to begin the Wilderness Campaign. We marched all day of May 4 & 5th and crossed the Rapidan at Germania Ford on the evening of the 5th just at the close of the 1st days fighting and got into position bet the 2nd & 5th Corps. Our Regt had never had a battalion drill. And we went into action for 380 muskets. Early on morning of May 6th, we had very severe fighting all day and lost heavily in proportion to our numbers. We were in all the terrible fighting which followed up the siege of Petersburg. On June 3 at battle of Cold Harbor I was wounded in left shoulder by musket ball and went to field hospital where I assisted the surgeon of ?Regt (Dr. Edson) in charge.
While Regt was crossing Rapidan on night of May 5 went through filled hospital tents of 6th Corps where a cousin and an officer of the VT Brig lay wounded unknown of course to me. His brother in 1st Vt cavalry had been killed the same day just as the fighting commenced in the early morn another coz was in the battle both days Col of 77th NY, in 6th Corps
6) in caring for the over 400 wounded from our one Division. The next morning I accompanied wagon & ambulance train with the wounded to White House Landing on the Pamonkie River walking the distance 12 miles and serving men who were in the train and wounded, with wate as I could get it. Went by steamer to Wash. & hospital then to Phil & then to Brattleboro, VT. Got furlough wound not healed.got pass to town. And fell in with squad of inmates of selected to be retd to Regts. Got to N.Y. Kight on Bedloe’s Island 19 days then got on Transport loaded with 1800 men, went via Ft. Munroe & up James river to City Point. When disembarked. Hunted up my Regt in lines before Petersburg after walking all night. Reported and found myself reported to Regt. As a deserter from Hospital. Was given chg of my Co. as 1st Sergt. it having no commissioned Officer. And next day Aug 19, 1864 started on march to left of line to support 5th corps (?) on Weldon RR. Promoted to 1st Lt Co B Capt Nov 64 served to end of war. Was at Berksville VA when Lee surrendered and commanded ground in chg of all guns and ordinance stores of Lee’s army. Marched to Alexandria Va and into camp. Was on Grand Review May 23 & 24, 65 mustered out at Bulrington Vt July 1865. Regt has 133 enlisted men & 14 com. Officers killed in action or died of wounds a record not excelled by an other Regt.
These materials were donated by: Don Butkovich, Antique Dealer, Traverse City, Michigan in Honor of his friend Gilbert H. Whelden, Jr., the nephew of B.F. Giddings, who purchased these papers directly from the Living Estate of Mr. Whelden in Michigan.
Among the items included a bound book entitled "Personal Military and Civil History." Below are the notes from Benjamin F. Giddings about his actions during the Civil War. On each page, Giddings wrote additional notes in the margins. They are in different ink, so it is possible that information was added at a latter date. These additional notes are indented.
1) “I first enlisted Oct. 26, 1861 at age 15 in Co. “H.” 2nd Berdan US Sharpshooters: this Regt. Was composed of companies from different states. The first Regt was commanded by Col Hiram Berdon of NY. The 2nd Regt by Col. HAV Post of NY. A civil engineer by profession. And a member of the 7th NH state militia a brave and splendid officer. The Co. was formed and mustered at Brattleboro, VT. And left the state for Wash. Jan 1, 1962 and joined the Regt then encamped on Meridian Hill near Washington. Ours was the last Co to join the Regt, which had 8 companies of 100 men each. Bilbert Hart of Dorset VT was Capt. We remained in this “Camp of Instruction” thru the winter, being drilled in Ballallium & skirmish drill, armed first with Colts muskets, where were soon discarded and replaced with Sharps Target Rifles. The latter part of March 1862 the Regt started on.
Col Berdan from whom Sharpshooters was named, was the inventor of a rifle which he hoped to get adopted for use in our army, but failed. He served as Col of 1st Regt till after Gettysburg when he resigned went to Russia got his rifle adopted by Russian Gov. and was made Super of their construction became a Russian Citizen and died a very rich man.
2) its first march crossing the Potomac into VA and joined a Brigade composed of the 22-24 & 30 NY Infantry. The Brooklyn 14th zouave. The Harris Light Cavalry, and Gibbons Battery of Artl, the Brig. Commanded by Brig Genl CC Augar of the Reg army, and becoming a part of Kings Div. McDowell’s Corps. Which became an independent command and army on the departure of the army of the Potomac on its Peninsula campagne under Genl McClellan. About the middle of April our Brig led the march from Catletts Sta to Falmouth VA 40 miles in 24 hours and giving our Brig the name of the “1st Iron Brigade.” The Sharpshooters led the advance and when approaching Falmouth in the early morning formed a skirmish line with Harris L. Cavs in advance. We had little brush with enemy they retreating across Rappahannock river to Fredericksburg.
The Harris Cavalry was under command of its Lt. Col Judson Kilpatric afterwards Maj Genl and commander of Calvery Corps Army of Potomac.
Capt Gibbon comd’r of the field battery.-was after words a Maj Genl and in command of a corps.
On our first march we got lost and we spent our first night of field camp in open ?? and a cold rain lasting thru the night.
3) burning the bridges. One Brig of our corps occupied Fredericksburg. While our Brig camped on the pleasant Falmouth hills which 8 months later shook with the thunder of Burnsides guns in the great battle & defeat at Fredericksburg in Dec. 62. In May we crossed the river and started on the march to join McClellan and cooperate with him in the operations against Richmond. But after marching eight miles we were ordered back. Marched rapidly to Catletts then to Manassus Junc put on RR cars and sent up to Front Royal in Blue Ridge Mts to intersept Stonewall Jackson in his advance on Wash. Who, when he had accomplished his object in drawing us away from joining McClellan marched his force back and joined Leee opposing the army of Potomac. Our corps then marched back to our old camp at Falmouth. A cousin of mine of same age who enlisted with me and was Corpl is same Co was taken ill with typhoid fever and left behind at Haymarket VA and I never saw him again as died of the fever. (Henry E. Giddings Reading VT)
While camped near Fredericksburg our boys often visited the little city where were several flour mills. And as we had plenty of coffee and the inhabitants none, we found no difficulty in effecting an ex 1 lb of coffee for 10 lbs or more of flour. Then came pancakes for us to take place of hard tack. It used to be said that some of the boys used to dry their coffee grounds and trade them for flour. I know not about this.
4) I became disabled by rupture [an accident due to severe straining, lifting or muscular exertion] on this hard march and in June 62 was discharged for disability. And went home to VT. The Regt remained in service to the end of war seeing much hard service and many hard battles was in the #rd Corps (Genl Seckles) at Gettysburg, and lost during its term of service 126 men and 9 com. Officers killed in action. I remained home working on farm and teaching school in winter until March 7, 1864 when I enlisted again in 17th VT inftry. (Co.G) the last Regt raised in VT the Regt formed and mustered in Burlington Vt and left the state Apr 18-64 as a Battallion of 7 companies under Lt Col Chas Cummings of Brattleboro, and was rushed to the front and joined the 9th Corps Genl Burnside at Calletts Sta. Just before it jointed the Army of the Potomac on the Rapidan. The Brig then was composed of 31 & 32 Me. 6-7 & 11 NH 17th Vt and shortly after 56th Mass.
On this march into Blue Ridge Mts. Train on Mansaasa Gap RR. Carrying our Regt. Was run into by another train following and many soldiers filling and covering the old box cars were killed many more maimed. I was in front of train near engine and escaped. Thos. Bruised and thrown out of car.
5) all N.E. troops and commanded by Coil S G. Griffith of the 6 NH a skillful and intrepid officer. The Div. Was comd by Maj Gen Robt B Potter a son of Bishop Potter of Penn & a splendid officer. On the morning May 4 we started on a forced march to join the Army of Genls Grant & Meade then just breaking camp at Culpepper CH to begin the Wilderness Campaign. We marched all day of May 4 & 5th and crossed the Rapidan at Germania Ford on the evening of the 5th just at the close of the 1st days fighting and got into position bet the 2nd & 5th Corps. Our Regt had never had a battalion drill. And we went into action for 380 muskets. Early on morning of May 6th, we had very severe fighting all day and lost heavily in proportion to our numbers. We were in all the terrible fighting which followed up the siege of Petersburg. On June 3 at battle of Cold Harbor I was wounded in left shoulder by musket ball and went to field hospital where I assisted the surgeon of ?Regt (Dr. Edson) in charge.
While Regt was crossing Rapidan on night of May 5 went through filled hospital tents of 6th Corps where a cousin and an officer of the VT Brig lay wounded unknown of course to me. His brother in 1st Vt cavalry had been killed the same day just as the fighting commenced in the early morn another coz was in the battle both days Col of 77th NY, in 6th Corps
6) in caring for the over 400 wounded from our one Division. The next morning I accompanied wagon & ambulance train with the wounded to White House Landing on the Pamonkie River walking the distance 12 miles and serving men who were in the train and wounded, with wate as I could get it. Went by steamer to Wash. & hospital then to Phil & then to Brattleboro, VT. Got furlough wound not healed.got pass to town. And fell in with squad of inmates of selected to be retd to Regts. Got to N.Y. Kight on Bedloe’s Island 19 days then got on Transport loaded with 1800 men, went via Ft. Munroe & up James river to City Point. When disembarked. Hunted up my Regt in lines before Petersburg after walking all night. Reported and found myself reported to Regt. As a deserter from Hospital. Was given chg of my Co. as 1st Sergt. it having no commissioned Officer. And next day Aug 19, 1864 started on march to left of line to support 5th corps (?) on Weldon RR. Promoted to 1st Lt Co B Capt Nov 64 served to end of war. Was at Berksville VA when Lee surrendered and commanded ground in chg of all guns and ordinance stores of Lee’s army. Marched to Alexandria Va and into camp. Was on Grand Review May 23 & 24, 65 mustered out at Bulrington Vt July 1865. Regt has 133 enlisted men & 14 com. Officers killed in action or died of wounds a record not excelled by an other Regt.
Monday, November 28, 2011
Annual Appeal
November 27, 2010
Dear Friend:
This past year was supposed to be one long celebration for Cavendish, given that we were honoring our 250th anniversary. While many wonderful events did take place, including weekly posts about various aspects of our town’s history, the big four-day event was scheduled for the anniversary date in October. While the flood of August 28 changed our town dramatically, we still came together and celebrated, just not at the scale we had planned on.
We saw first hand how important it is to preserve our history when the National Guard wanted to see photographs and articles about the 27 flood that could help them in the repair of the current “Cavendish Canyon. Therefore, it was not surprising that even before the shelter closed, we were being asked to mount an exhibit for 2012 comparing the 1927 flood to 2011.
CHS recognizes that what happens today is tomorrow’s history, so we are one of the supporters of the Cavendish Update, an electronic newsletter, which is archived at www.cavendishvt.blogspot.com and has a Facebook page Cavendish VT. While we are leaving a digital history for future generations, it proved to be an invaluable resource during the flood. For ten straight days, posts were issued several times a day so people would know where to go for help and assistance. Further, the Facebook page was a quick way for people to post what roads were open and who needed help.
Along with organizing a flood exhibit for the Museum, we will be focusing on the Civil War-the 150th anniversary began in 2011-and expanding our outreach through our “hands on history program.” People learn best by doing, so we are offering workshops and activities for community groups and school children. The workshop list is available at the CHS blog, or can be e-mailed (margoc@tds.net) or mailed.
We know these are hard times, but we also know that that work of CHS is making a difference in our community now and for future generations. You can be an integral part of what CHS is doing by:
• Donating to our appeal campaign (see attached forms)
• Renewing your annual membership.
• Helping with our various programs
• Helping with fundraising
Wishing you a joyous holiday season, and a happy New Year.
Sincerely,
Dan Churchill,
President
Dear Friend:
This past year was supposed to be one long celebration for Cavendish, given that we were honoring our 250th anniversary. While many wonderful events did take place, including weekly posts about various aspects of our town’s history, the big four-day event was scheduled for the anniversary date in October. While the flood of August 28 changed our town dramatically, we still came together and celebrated, just not at the scale we had planned on.
We saw first hand how important it is to preserve our history when the National Guard wanted to see photographs and articles about the 27 flood that could help them in the repair of the current “Cavendish Canyon. Therefore, it was not surprising that even before the shelter closed, we were being asked to mount an exhibit for 2012 comparing the 1927 flood to 2011.
CHS recognizes that what happens today is tomorrow’s history, so we are one of the supporters of the Cavendish Update, an electronic newsletter, which is archived at www.cavendishvt.blogspot.com and has a Facebook page Cavendish VT. While we are leaving a digital history for future generations, it proved to be an invaluable resource during the flood. For ten straight days, posts were issued several times a day so people would know where to go for help and assistance. Further, the Facebook page was a quick way for people to post what roads were open and who needed help.
Along with organizing a flood exhibit for the Museum, we will be focusing on the Civil War-the 150th anniversary began in 2011-and expanding our outreach through our “hands on history program.” People learn best by doing, so we are offering workshops and activities for community groups and school children. The workshop list is available at the CHS blog, or can be e-mailed (margoc@tds.net) or mailed.
We know these are hard times, but we also know that that work of CHS is making a difference in our community now and for future generations. You can be an integral part of what CHS is doing by:
• Donating to our appeal campaign (see attached forms)
• Renewing your annual membership.
• Helping with our various programs
• Helping with fundraising
Wishing you a joyous holiday season, and a happy New Year.
Sincerely,
Dan Churchill,
President
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